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Expressing obligation/absence of obligation

Expressing obligationabsence of obligation and prohibition

Using the modals: must/ have to for obligation, must not for prohibition and don't have to for absence of obligation (possibility of choice). 

Presentation

To be a good pupil, you have to / you must do many things

and at the same time avoid others. (must not)

Also, there are things you are not obliged to do (don't have to).

Have to / Must Must not Don't have to
  • go to school every day.
  • listen to the teacher.
  • revise and learn your lesson.
  • do your homework.
  • respect your teachers.
  • be quiet, serious and polite.
  • arrive late to school
  • speak while the teacher is explaining  the   lesson
  • cheat in the exam.
  • disturb your classmates.
  • Revise all day
  • stop playing sports
  • stop your hobbies
  • stop using the computer

 

Must/ have to + verb (base form) : express obligation (necessity)

                           Must = have to

Must”: is imposed by the speaker on himself. (inside motivation)

Have to”: is imposed by someone/something else on the speaker.(outside obligation)

                

I must help poor people.

I have to eat healthy food. (the doctor says it’s necessary).

Negative form:

Prohibition/negative obligation (it’s necessary to not do something)

Must not = mustn’t = prohibition

You must not smoke here = don’t smoke here, it's forbidden!

Absence of necessity

do not (don’t) have to = absence of obligation/It’s not necessary to do it / you have the choice to decide

Don’t have to + verb (base form)

I can hear you! You don’t have to shout! = It’s not necessary to shout because I can hear you.

Look at the 2 examples:

  1. You don’t have to apologize. It’s not your fault = you are not obliged to do it / it’s not necessary to do it.
  2. You don't have to sleep at 8 p.m. You are not obliged, you can sleep at 10 p.m if you want.

قم بالدخول للإطلاع على المزيد من المحتوى

لتتمكن من الوصول إلى جميع الدروس والتمارين والمسابقات والفيديوهات وتصفح الموقع براحة قم بالدخول أو بتسجيل حساب مجانا.



قم بالدخول للإطلاع على المزيد من المحتوى

لتتمكن من الوصول إلى جميع الدروس والتمارين والمسابقات والفيديوهات وتصفح الموقع براحة قم بالدخول أو بتسجيل حساب مجانا.