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Formation of Adjectives, Noun and Adverbs

I Formation of some adjectives (ful/less) , nouns (ness) And adverbs
1 Adjectives ending in suffixes”ful” and”less”
  • Read: study the sentences carefully.

a. I need some help .Can you call Alissa? She is such a helpful person that she will certainly come.

b. You cannot be hopeless. You are so young ,so  you should be full of hope.

c. He is tireless. He never stops working.

d. Man looks harmless but he  can be the most harmful  creature on Earth.

  • Learn:

 Observe how the underlined words are formed:

 Noun (root) + ful ( suffix) = adjective # Noun (root) + less (suffix) =adjective

 

  • Keep in mind:

Both suffixes are opposites:

The suffix “ful” means “with”,  the suffix “less” means “without”.

When you have hope, you are hopeful, if it is the other way you feel hopeless. 

  • Careless people mustn’t drive.
  • Be careful when you cross the street.
  • Thank you for your useful advice.
  • Don’t make useless efforts and then you will feel empty.
  • Be careful:

Always look up the adjectives in a dictionary .Not all the adjectives ending in suffix  “ful” have their opposites ending in ”less.

Here are some adjectives that end either in ful or less.

Nouns Meanings Adjectives  Meanings

1. Beauty

a quality that people, places, or things have that makes them very attractive to look at.

 

 Beautiful

someone or something that is beautiful is extremely attractive to look at.

2. Delight

a feeling of great pleasure and satisfaction

 Delightful

very pleasant

3. Price 

the amount of money you have to pay for something.

 Priceless

extremely valuable

4.Success

when you achieve what you want or intend.

Successful

having the effect or result you intended.

5.Truth 

the true facts about something, rather than what is untrue, imagined, or guessed has.

 

 Truthful

someone who is truthful does not usually tell lies.

6. Worth

value, importance  or of great use.

 

 Worthless something that is worthless has no value, importance, or use.

 

The possible opposites of the adjectives in the table above

  1. Beautiful # ugly
  2. Delightful # unpleasant
  3. Successful # defeated
  4. Truthful # dishonest
  5. Worthless # valuable/ priceless
2 Nouns ending in “ness”
  • Read: study the sentences carefully.

 

1. My favourite words are kindness and thankfulness.

2.She dances with easiness and softness.

3. His rudeness  made him unpopular.

4. The best cities have two important characteristics: cleanliness and peacefulness.

  • Learn:

Observe how some nouns are formed:

Adjective (root) +ness (suffix) = noun

  • Keep in mind:

 

The meaning of the suffix ness, refers to the quality or state or quality of a person or something.

 Adjectives

 Nouns

 Dry

 Dryness

 Wet

 Wetness

 Dark

 Darkness

 Mad

 Madness

 Bright

 Brightness

 Carless

 Carlessness

 

3 3. Formation of adverbs
  • Read: study the sentences carefully.

 

Are the underlined words adjectives or adverbs ?

  1. Bob runs fast. He is a fast runner.
  2. He is a hard worker .He works hard.
  3. Ann learns slowly. She ‘s a slow learner.
  4. She is a careful person. She learns carefully.

A. There are adverbs and adjectives which have the same form:

  • He drives fast      →    He is a fast driver

Subject + verb + adverb  →  Subject + am /is /are+ adjective + noun

 

B) Most adverbs of manners are formed from adjectives:

  • He hikes quickly       →  He is a quick hiker

Subject + verb + adverb   → Subject + am/is/are + adjective + noun

 

Observe how the adverb is formed:

  Adjective + suffix “ly”= adverb

 

Example:

careful → carefully

 careless → carelessly

  Joyful → joyfully

Be careful:

Some words ending in “ly” are not adverbs,They are adjectives .

1. Diane is a lovely person.

2. I like travelling with friendly people.

3. Some diseases are deadly.

  • إختبارات
  • 9
  • الأجوبة الصحيحة
  • False
  • الأجوبة الخاطئة
  • False
  • مجموع النقاط
  • False

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