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Writing an Expository Essay About Pollution

I Writing an expository essay about Pollution
1 Read the text, then do the activities

One of the main causes of climate change is pollution. Pollution is the introduction of harmful substances or products into the environment. There are four known types of pollution: air pollution, water pollution ,land pollution and noise pollution.

        Air pollution is mainly due to human activity. The air of populated cities is contaminated by car fumes and factory smoke coming from industrial areas.Consequently, the rate of respiratory diseases  like asthma is very high. In addition to this, when it rains, the high percentage of chemicals forms acid rain. This results in contamination of animals and plants.

    Water pollution affects water-streams, rivers, seas and oceans. Rivers and seas are contaminated by domestic sewage and chemical effluent especially if the used waters are not treated. The consequences are visible on the environment. Desperate sight of rivers and sea shores that used to be famous for their natural beauty: corpses of fish and all kinds of garbage are washed on river banks and seashores.

 

    Land pollution is occasioned by our throw-away society. As   number of inhabitants is increasing, the quantities of rubbish to dispose of cause a serious threat to our environment. Moreover, the expansion of industries everywhere is responsible for the destruction and the extinction of natural species of plants and animals .The chemical waste of these factories affects the natural growth of species of plants and so poisons the sources of food that   man   and animals depend on.

   We generally perceive noise pollution  in urban areas. The roar of cars  , the screaming of planes  and the intense noise made by human activity in  certain populated cities  make life of the citizen unbearable. As a consequence, many inhabitants of crowded cities suffer from ear problems and psychosomatic diseases.

      To conclude , all kinds of pollution are real dangers not only to our direct environment but to our health as well. Therefore, world governments must find the best ways to reduce their consequences and make them less harmful. The use of renewable energy sources and the recycling of used products are the only solutions if we want to preserve life on Earth for the coming generations. 

 

The pictures illustrating the causes and consequences of pollution

 

2 Now do the following tasks

Choisir la réponse correcte de la liste

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Task1:

The text above is an expository essay.

Choose the right complement

 

1. It : ****

2. It contains: ****

3. It highlights points: ****

To sum it up the text is an expository essay. Like most expository essays, it defines a situation or an issue;in our case, the essay deals with the issue of pollution. Therefore, the author gives explanations and highlights certain points through examples to show how things develop, expressing effect to cause relationship and cause to effect relationship.

Associer par un trait

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Task 2: Match the causes with their effects

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Associer par un trait

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Task 2: Match the causes with their effects

 

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  • Air pollution: Cause, Car fumes and factory smoke

  • Water pollution: Cause, Domestic sewage and chemical effluent

  • Land pollution: Cause, Tons of rubbish thrown by people and factories.

     

  • Noise pollution: Cause, Crowds of people and means of transport

  • Effects: Respiratory diseases

  • Effects: extinction of species of fish and water plants. 

  • Effects: All kinds of plants are contaminated.

  • Effects: People suffer from psychosomatic diseases

Remplir les vides

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Task 3:

Use the elements in the table of task 2 to make coherent sentences using the link words to express effect to cause and cause to effect relationships:

 

Note the following:

I. To introduce cause:                                                                  

                                  Effect +is/ are due to+ cause

                                  Effect +is/ are caused by+ cause

                                  Effect +is/ are occasioned by+ cause

   

Example:

Water pollution is caused by chemical effluent and domestic sewage.

Or                                                  

Water pollution  is due to chemical effluent and  domestic sewage.

 

II.To introduce effect:

                              Cause clause. As a result, result clause.

                              Cause clause .As a consequence, result  clause.

                              Cause clause. Consequently, result clause.

                              Or

                              Cause clause.This results in effect .

 

Example:

Water pollution  is due to chemical effluent and  domestic sewage. Consequently, species of fish and water plants disappear.

Or

Water pollution  is due to chemical effluent and  domestic sewage. This results in extinction of species of fish and water plants.

 

Now, use the elements in the table to complete the sentences below:

a. Air pollution

b. Noise pollution

c. Land pollution

2 .Keep in mind:

 

I. What is an expository essay?

It is a piece of writing which is composed of 5 paragraphs in which you explain a topic in an organized way.

In general, the topic can be a phenomenon or an issue that you will have to define and expose some of its facts by giving examples.

 

The essay you have studied consists of six paragraphs.

Let’s have a closer look to its plan:

§1: the introduction: It consists of 3 sentences in which the topic is introduced and defined. The main ideas are also briefly introduced.

§2: idea 1 and its supporting detailscauses and consequences of air pollution.

§3: idea 2 and its supporting details:  causes and consequences of water pollution.

§4: idea 3 and its supporting detailscauses and consequences of land pollution.

§5: idea 4and its supporting detailscauses and consequences of noise pollution.

§6:The conclusion: a concluding sentence to give a final diagnosis of the four types of pollution and solutions suggested to reduce their bad effects.

 

II.The language forms:

 

  • As there are facts to list we can use sequencers such as: firstly,secondly, moreover, in addition, not only…but…..as well, finally or in the end.
  • Notice that we use the passive voice as we are interested in the action and not in the doer: is occasioned- are not treated- are washed-
  • Link-words to introduce causes:  is/are due to - because - as
  • Link-words to introduce consequences: as a result - consequently- as a consequence
  • Concluding words: To conclude - to put it  in a nutshell - as a conclusion

 

 

 

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