Climate Change : Causes and Consequences
This unit deals with the causes and consequences of climate change; therefore, it is essential that you understand the theme and learn its key vocabulary items properly. Don’t forget that one of your main duties as a citizen is to save planet Earth and preserve it for the future generations.
Climate change, also called global warming, is the rise in average surface temperatures on Earth, mostly due to the burning of fossil fuels.
Fossil fuels are produced by the very decaying of animals or plants over millions of years.
There are three fossil fuels:
- Oil also called petroleum and all the products derived from it: home heating oil, gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuel and kerosene.
- Natural gas also known as methane CH4.
- Coal.
The main cause of climate change is the burning of fossil fuels, such as oil and coal, which emits greenhouse gases into the atmosphere—mainly carbon dioxide CO2. Other human activities, such as agriculture and deforestation, also contribute to the proliferation of greenhouse gases that cause climate change.
- What is a greenhouse ?
A greenhouse is a building made of glass .It is used for growing plants. It traps the Sun’s energy inside and keeps the plants warm, even in winter.
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How is Earth a greenhouse?
Earth's atmosphere does the same thing as the greenhouse. Gases in the atmosphere such as carbon dioxide do what the roof of a greenhouse does. During the day, the Sun shines through the atmosphere. Earth's surface warms up in the sunlight. At night, Earth's surface cools, releasing the heat back into the air. But some of the heat is trapped by the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
- What are greenhouse gases?
The main greenhouse gases are as follows:
a. Carbon dioxide CO2.
b. Methane CH4.
c. Nitrous Oxide N2O.
d. Fluorinated gases.
Even small increases in Earth’s temperature caused by climate change can have severe effects.
Some examples of the consequences of climate change:
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