Formation of Adjectives and Their Opposites
We form some adjectives by adding suffixes either to nouns or verbs.
Pay close attention to the following:
- Adjective: Noun + suffix « able /ible »
 
Noun + « ful /less »
Noun + « ic »
Noun + “ous”
- Adjective: Verb + « able /ible »
 
Verb + « ful »
Verb + « ing »
Verb + « ive »
Many suffixes have a meaning; therefore, you should know them.
| Suffixes | Meanings | Examples | 
| 
			 noun+”able/ible”  | 
			
			 Showing qualities  | 
			
			 Fashionable  | 
		
| verb+ “able/ible” | 
			 That can be  | 
			
			 Eatable  | 
		
| noun+”al” | 
			 No meaning  | 
			
			 No meaning  | 
		
| 
			 Noun /verb+”ful”  | 
			
			 Full of / having the quality of/ with  | 
			Painful | 
| 
			 Noun+ “less”  | 
			
			 without  | 
			
			 Painless  | 
		
| 
			 Noun + “ic”  | 
			
			 No meaning  | 
			
			 poetic  | 
		
| 
			 Verb+ “ing”  | 
			No meaning | 
			 interesting  | 
		
| 
			 Verb + “ive”  | 
			
			 Having a tendency towards quality of  | 
			
			 constructive  | 
		
| 
			 Noun + “ous”  | 
			having the qualities of | poisonous | 
- Sentences:
 
- Ecology is the way in which plants, animals, and people are related to each other and to their environment.
 - Pollution is an ecological problem.
 - Sue showed great courage throughout her illness. She was a courageous person.
 - You should take medicines to soothe the pain in your leg.
 - My leg is very painful. I can’t walk.
 - The first day at work was painless.
 - You must not use verbal abuse at school. Abusive language is strictly forbidden.
 - Countries that are trying to develop their economy are called developing countries.
 - Products that we can recycle are called recyclable products.
 
| Noun / verb | Adjective | 
| Abuse (n) | Abusive | 
| Courage (n) | Courageous | 
| Develop (v) | Developing | 
| Ecology (n) | Ecological | 
| Pain (n) | Painful # painless | 
| Recycle (v) | Recyclable | 
| Verb (n) | Verbal | 
To form opposites we can add prefixes,vwhose meaning is negative, to some words.
Appear (v) # disappear
Dress (v) # undress
Expensive (adj) # inexpensive
Legal (adj) # illegal
Possible (adj) # impossible
Relevant (adj) # irrelevant
Rules to keep in mind:
- To form the opposites of some words starting with “m / p” , we add the prefix ‘im’:
 
Moral # immoral
mature # immature
material # immaterial
Patient # impatient
perfect # imperfect
partial # impartial
- To form the opposites of some words starting with “l”, we add the prefix “il”:
 
logical # illogical
legible # illegible
literate # illiterate
- To form the opposites of some words starting with “r” we add the prefix “ir”
 
Rational # irrational
Responsible # Irresponsible
regular # Irregular
- However, words that start with prefixes “dis”,”in” and “un” have no specific rules.
 
Respectful # disrespectful
honest # dishonest
order # disorder
Cautious # incautious
sensitive # insensitive
justice # injustice
Pleasant # unpleasant
fair # unfair
equal # unequal
To approve of # disapprove of
agree with # disagree with
- إختبارات
 - 10
 
- الأجوبة الصحيحة
 - False
 
- الأجوبة الخاطئة
 - False
 
- مجموع النقاط
 - False
 


            
			
				


        